EAP / MSCHAPv2 authentications fails (only) on Windows with custom authenticator

Question

I have a project that involves custom client authentication for the StrongSwan IKEv2 server implementation on Linux.

I am running: StrongSwan 5.4.0 with eap-radius plugin

Currently, we use FreeRadius to speak EAP-MSCHAPv2 with various client platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux). Due to some limitations, we need to implement our own RADIUS "speaking" + EAP-MSCHAPv2 server to replace FreeRadius. I wont go into details as to why this is needed (but I will say that it is required), but, I am running into an issue that I can't seem to figure out.

Following the RFC specs for the RADIUS protocol, as well as the EAP and MSCHAPv2 protocols, I have created a POC server that authenticates clients. The implementation works for all Mac OSX clients, Android clients (using strongswan app), and linux clients.

The issues start with Windows clients (tested Windows 10 + 7). For some reason, the Windows client errors out with code 691, which is a generic error that implies either a wrong username/password, or wrong authentication protocol.

I have confirmed in numerous ways that my EAP-MSCHAPv2 implementation follows the RFC specs:

MSCHAPv2 RFC: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2759

At the bottom of that RFC, there are example data sets. When I use the username and password in those examples, my code generates the correct output:

INPUTS:
AuthenticatorChallenge = 5B5D7C7D7B3F2F3E3C2C602132262628
PeerChallenge = 21402324255E262A28295F2B3A337C7E
username = "User"
password = "clientPass"

OUTPUT:
8-octet Challenge: = D02E4386BCE91226
24 octet NT-Response:: 82309ECD8D708B5EA08FAA3981CD83544233114A3D85D6DF
42-octet AuthenticatorResponse: S=407A5589115FD0D6209F510FE9C04566932CDA56

This validates that my implementation is following the RFC spec for the data that should be calculated during the MSCHAPv2 portions of the EAP conversation. This is also confirmed by the fact that Mac, Android and Linux clients authenticate successfully.

This leads me to beleive that the Windows error is related to the packet format, and not the underlying values being generated by my code. To that end, I enabled full debug logging in StrongSwan and pointed the authentication back to FreeRadius, so that I could log a successful authentication conversation with FreeRadius, then compare the packets with my own POC.

The following is a successful Windows EAP conversation with FreeRadius:

EAP Identity + Challenge Response

Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> sending RADIUS Access-Request to server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 168 bytes @ 0x7f55f00014b0
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 F6 00 A8 73 40 3E 5D A8 2A 50 21 53 8E FE 52  ....s@>].*P!S..R
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 0F 14 D1 8E 01 12 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65  ......r42m3ncv-e
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 38 77 66 70 67 33 3D 06 00 00 00 05 06 06 00 00  8wfpg3=.........
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 00 02 05 06 00 00 00 01 57 10 69 6B 65 76 32 2D  ........W.ikev2-
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 6D 73 63 68 61 70 76 32 04 06 C4 34 2E 23 1E 0E  mschapv2...4.#..
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 31 39 36 2E 35 32 2E 34 36 2E 33 35 1F 10 36 36  196.52.46.35..66
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 2E 32 30 37 2E 32 30 38 2E 32 32 36 4F 17 02 00  .207.208.226O...
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  112: 00 15 01 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65 38 77 66  ...r42m3ncv-e8wf
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  128: 70 67 33 20 13 63 61 2D 30 30 31 5F 73 74 72 6F  pg3 .ca-001_stro
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  144: 6E 67 73 77 61 6E 50 12 E1 CD BD 37 42 F0 6C BE  ngswanP....7B.l.
Jul 30 01:02:38 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  160: 64 AB BD F6 19 B6 9A A6                          d.......
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> received RADIUS Access-Challenge from server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 112 bytes @ 0x7f55f0000de0
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 0B F6 00 70 ED 7D 83 2C AF 6E 81 05 ED E7 73 43  ...p.}.,.n....sC
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 60 19 76 B7 1A 0C 00 00 01 37 1C 06 0A FF FF 03  `.v......7......
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 4F 2C 01 01 00 2A 1A 01 01 00 25 10 FC 80 3D 84  O,...*....%...=.
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 7A A0 ED DC FF E3 CB 7C C3 07 62 FC 72 34 32 6D  z......|..b.r42m
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 33 6E 63 76 2D 65 38 77 66 70 67 33 50 12 63 4F  3ncv-e8wfpg3P.cO
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 24 0B F0 D1 B3 09 7B 74 40 5C DF FC FB CC 18 12  $.....{t@\......
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 01 A0 90 AE 01 A1 8A DA 3E A1 21 17 0E 05 88 2C  ........>.!....,
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> EAP_MSCHAPV2 payload => 42 bytes @ 0x7f55f0000ee0
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 01 00 2A 1A 01 01 00 25 10 FC 80 3D 84 7A A0  ...*....%...=.z.
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: ED DC FF E3 CB 7C C3 07 62 FC 72 34 32 6D 33 6E  .....|..b.r42m3n
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 63 76 2D 65 38 77 66 70 67 33                    cv-e8wfpg3
Jul 30 01:02:39 87[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> initiating EAP_MSCHAPV2 method (id 0x01)

EAP Request Packet + Success Packet (Access-Challenge) Response:

Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> sending RADIUS Access-Request to server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 240 bytes @ 0x7f5618001570
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 F7 00 F0 8A 5D 27 E3 01 D1 65 4C 07 7B CC 4A  .....]'...eL.{.J
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 41 12 87 95 01 12 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65  A.....r42m3ncv-e
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 38 77 66 70 67 33 3D 06 00 00 00 05 06 06 00 00  8wfpg3=.........
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 00 02 05 06 00 00 00 01 57 10 69 6B 65 76 32 2D  ........W.ikev2-
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 6D 73 63 68 61 70 76 32 04 06 C4 34 2E 23 1E 0E  mschapv2...4.#..
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 31 39 36 2E 35 32 2E 34 36 2E 33 35 1F 10 36 36  196.52.46.35..66
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 2E 32 30 37 2E 32 30 38 2E 32 32 36 4F 4D 02 01  .207.208.226OM..
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  112: 00 4B 1A 02 01 00 46 31 7F D3 69 D7 24 FB 6A 9E  .K....F1..i.$.j.
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  128: 22 39 C7 3F B0 43 94 3C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  "9.?.C.<........
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  144: 76 E7 D7 C3 6B 69 85 B0 1F 7E EF 8D 11 C6 78 28  v...ki...~....x(
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  160: D3 F4 78 04 40 BD BD 39 00 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63  [email protected]
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  176: 76 2D 65 38 77 66 70 67 33 20 13 63 61 2D 30 30  v-e8wfpg3 .ca-00
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  192: 31 5F 73 74 72 6F 6E 67 73 77 61 6E 18 12 01 A0  1_strongswan....
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  208: 90 AE 01 A1 8A DA 3E A1 21 17 0E 05 88 2C 50 12  ......>.!....,P.
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  224: 73 4F EF F8 F6 08 B9 31 DA FC 35 25 0F CF 00 30  sO.....1..5%...0
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> received RADIUS Access-Challenge from server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 121 bytes @ 0x7f5618001160
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 0B F7 00 79 F6 E1 7C CC C5 C7 FA 31 F7 9A 68 45  ...y..|....1..hE
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 71 6A D6 A9 1A 0C 00 00 01 37 1C 06 0A FF FF 03  qj.......7......
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 4F 35 01 02 00 33 1A 03 01 00 2E 53 3D 32 30 46  O5...3.....S=20F
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 46 45 45 38 39 43 31 31 41 39 37 36 44 45 43 34  FEE89C11A976DEC4
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 38 46 42 46 44 34 44 44 31 33 32 46 43 31 36 33  8FBFD4DD132FC163
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 36 39 33 35 31 50 12 D1 D9 D9 CB 8D C1 9A F8 EE  69351P..........
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 40 12 C5 13 F5 CD 40 18 12 01 A0 90 AE 00 A2 8A  @.....@.........
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  112: DA 3E A1 21 17 0E 05 88 2C                       .>.!....,
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> EAP_MSCHAPV2 payload => 51 bytes @ 0x7f56180012c0
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 02 00 33 1A 03 01 00 2E 53 3D 32 30 46 46 45  ...3.....S=20FFE
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 45 38 39 43 31 31 41 39 37 36 44 45 43 34 38 46  E89C11A976DEC48F
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 42 46 44 34 44 44 31 33 32 46 43 31 36 33 36 39  BFD4DD132FC16369
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 33 35 31                                         351
Jul 30 01:02:39 48[ENC] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> added payload of type EAP to message

EAP Success -> Success (Access-Accept) Response:

Jul 30 01:02:39 124[ENC] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> parsed IKE_AUTH request 4 [ EAP/RES/MSCHAPV2 ]
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> EAP_MSCHAPV2 payload => 6 bytes @ 0x7f55d80012f0
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 02 02 00 06 1A 03                                ......
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> sending RADIUS Access-Request to server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 171 bytes @ 0x7f55d8000980
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 A8 00 AB CA 0B A5 7E 53 26 BB 1F 7B F5 BC 66  .......~S&..{..f
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: BD 7B 9D 87 01 12 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65  .{....r42m3ncv-e
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 38 77 66 70 67 33 3D 06 00 00 00 05 06 06 00 00  8wfpg3=.........
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 00 02 05 06 00 00 00 01 57 10 69 6B 65 76 32 2D  ........W.ikev2-
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 6D 73 63 68 61 70 76 32 04 06 C4 34 2E 23 1E 0E  mschapv2...4.#..
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 31 39 36 2E 35 32 2E 34 36 2E 33 35 1F 10 36 36  196.52.46.35..66
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 2E 32 30 37 2E 32 30 38 2E 32 32 36 4F 08 02 02  .207.208.226O...
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  112: 00 06 1A 03 20 13 63 61 2D 30 30 31 5F 73 74 72  .... .ca-001_str
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  128: 6F 6E 67 73 77 61 6E 18 12 01 A0 90 AE 00 A2 8A  ongswan.........
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  144: DA 3E A1 21 17 0E 05 88 2C 50 12 AA 6E 35 90 03  .>.!....,P..n5..
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  160: 74 77 80 4A 2E BD FD A7 B2 C5 5B                 tw.J......[
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> received RADIUS Access-Accept from server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 182 bytes @ 0x7f55d8001750
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 02 A8 00 B6 61 C5 9A 92 51 CB DD 0B DF 37 3A 0F  ....a...Q....7:.
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 83 40 AB F2 1A 0C 00 00 01 37 1C 06 0A FF FF 03  [email protected]......
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 1A 0C 00 00 01 37 07 06 00 00 00 01 1A 0C 00 00  .....7..........
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 01 37 08 06 00 00 00 06 1A 2A 00 00 01 37 10 24  .7.......*...7.$
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: E6 DC E1 89 5C 76 E8 8A BA 58 F7 7B B6 5E 62 4C  ....\v...X.{.^bL
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 7F EB BB C2 45 5A 6B F7 0E 01 F3 9E 0F AD 0E AE  ....EZk.........
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: A3 92 1A 2A 00 00 01 37 11 24 ED F6 C9 A5 D7 3A  ...*...7.$.....:
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  112: 0D C4 4D 93 4F 99 6E 81 28 AC B1 CE 30 DA A0 AF  ..M.O.n.(...0...
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  128: 4F 28 71 60 12 E5 35 39 04 27 A6 68 4F 06 03 02  O(q`..59.'.hO...
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  144: 00 04 50 12 C3 89 53 1A 29 FD 07 DD 11 FB 65 82  ..P...S.).....e.
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  160: 73 93 0C B2 01 12 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65  s.....r42m3ncv-e
Jul 30 01:02:39 124[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  176: 38 77 66 70 67 33                                8wfpg3

Now the EAP conversation with my POC:

EAP Identity + Challenge Response

Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> sending RADIUS Access-Request to server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 168 bytes @ 0x7fc2800019c0
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 56 00 A8 C3 0E 12 EC A6 1A 72 E2 3C CA 4A 78  .V........r.<.Jx
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 54 E4 35 51 01 12 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65  T.5Q..r42m3ncv-e
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 38 77 66 70 67 33 3D 06 00 00 00 05 06 06 00 00  8wfpg3=.........
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 00 02 05 06 00 00 00 01 57 10 69 6B 65 76 32 2D  ........W.ikev2-
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 6D 73 63 68 61 70 76 32 04 06 C4 34 2E 23 1E 0E  mschapv2...4.#..
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 31 39 36 2E 35 32 2E 34 36 2E 33 35 1F 10 36 36  196.52.46.35..66
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 2E 32 30 37 2E 32 30 38 2E 32 32 36 4F 17 02 00  .207.208.226O...
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  112: 00 15 01 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65 38 77 66  ...r42m3ncv-e8wf
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  128: 70 67 33 20 13 63 61 2D 30 30 31 5F 73 74 72 6F  pg3 .ca-001_stro
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  144: 6E 67 73 77 61 6E 50 12 0F F1 22 79 D1 AD DE 25  ngswanP..."y...%
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  160: 5B 01 3D A7 19 81 8A AC                          [.=.....
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> received RADIUS Access-Challenge from server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 100 bytes @ 0x7fc280000d20
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 0B 56 00 64 BF 61 D9 0F 42 95 2C 76 A4 41 C3 0F  .V.d.a..B.,v.A..
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 59 9B A4 FA 4F 2C 01 01 00 2A 1A 01 01 00 25 10  Y...O,...*....%.
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 15 C1 FB 92 B0 5A D7 64 1D 60 C5 46 69 00 DA E5  .....Z.d.`.Fi...
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65 38 77 66 70 67 33  r42m3ncv-e8wfpg3
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 18 12 15 C1 FB 92 B0 5A D7 64 1D 60 C5 46 69 00  .......Z.d.`.Fi.
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: DA E5 50 12 41 E8 6C 15 EF 59 DC CC A0 C7 7A A7  ..P.A.l..Y....z.
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 3A 70 2D 82                                      :p-.
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> EAP_MSCHAPV2 payload => 42 bytes @ 0x7fc280001650
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 01 00 2A 1A 01 01 00 25 10 15 C1 FB 92 B0 5A  ...*....%......Z
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: D7 64 1D 60 C5 46 69 00 DA E5 72 34 32 6D 33 6E  .d.`.Fi...r42m3n
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 63 76 2D 65 38 77 66 70 67 33                    cv-e8wfpg3
Jul 30 00:33:24 89[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> initiating EAP_MSCHAPV2 method (id 0x01)

EAP Request Packet + Success Packet (Access-Challenge) Response:

Jul 30 00:33:24 100[ENC] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> parsed IKE_AUTH request 3 [ EAP/RES/MSCHAPV2 ]
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> EAP_MSCHAPV2 payload => 75 bytes @ 0x7fc2940069c0
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 02 01 00 4B 1A 02 01 00 46 31 B2 2F A8 1C 2F 1A  ...K....F1./../.
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: EF 66 C0 F1 A6 B7 27 BD 51 5F 00 00 00 00 00 00  .f....'.Q_......
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 00 00 64 97 7D 85 D1 6B DD 8C 82 82 A0 CB EB D7  ..d.}..k........
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: D8 D0 21 1C 27 96 63 7B 3D 13 00 72 34 32 6D 33  ..!.'.c{=..r42m3
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 6E 63 76 2D 65 38 77 66 70 67 33                 ncv-e8wfpg3
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> sending RADIUS Access-Request to server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 240 bytes @ 0x7fc294003d60
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 7C 00 F0 DB AB 7C BF 31 2A CA A3 A1 33 93 7B  .|....|.1*...3.{
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: DB A4 B3 C5 01 12 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63 76 2D 65  ......r42m3ncv-e
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 38 77 66 70 67 33 3D 06 00 00 00 05 06 06 00 00  8wfpg3=.........
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 00 02 05 06 00 00 00 01 57 10 69 6B 65 76 32 2D  ........W.ikev2-
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 6D 73 63 68 61 70 76 32 04 06 C4 34 2E 23 1E 0E  mschapv2...4.#..
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 31 39 36 2E 35 32 2E 34 36 2E 33 35 1F 10 36 36  196.52.46.35..66
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 2E 32 30 37 2E 32 30 38 2E 32 32 36 4F 4D 02 01  .207.208.226OM..
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  112: 00 4B 1A 02 01 00 46 31 B2 2F A8 1C 2F 1A EF 66  .K....F1./../..f
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  128: C0 F1 A6 B7 27 BD 51 5F 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ....'.Q_........
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  144: 64 97 7D 85 D1 6B DD 8C 82 82 A0 CB EB D7 D8 D0  d.}..k..........
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  160: 21 1C 27 96 63 7B 3D 13 00 72 34 32 6D 33 6E 63  !.'.c{=..r42m3nc
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  176: 76 2D 65 38 77 66 70 67 33 20 13 63 61 2D 30 30  v-e8wfpg3 .ca-00
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  192: 31 5F 73 74 72 6F 6E 67 73 77 61 6E 18 12 15 C1  1_strongswan....
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  208: FB 92 B0 5A D7 64 1D 60 C5 46 69 00 DA E5 50 12  ...Z.d.`.Fi...P.
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  224: DC 26 57 40 79 91 11 FC 3F 6A C0 AD 0A 66 A0 4D  .&W@y...?j...f.M
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> received RADIUS Access-Challenge from server '127.0.0.1'
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> => 121 bytes @ 0x7fc294006930
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 0B 7C 00 79 35 C3 A8 F7 CC BE 84 13 5D 37 B0 66  .|.y5.......]7.f
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: A7 78 94 4A 1A 0C 00 00 01 37 1C 06 0A FF FF 02  .x.J.....7......
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 4F 35 01 01 00 33 1A 03 01 00 2E 53 3D 33 39 39  O5...3.....S=399
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 45 33 42 36 43 43 43 31 46 42 44 32 37 36 41 42  E3B6CCC1FBD276AB
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   64: 34 45 39 32 33 33 31 33 32 42 34 33 46 37 39 41  4E9233132B43F79A
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   80: 31 31 39 45 37 18 12 15 C1 FB 92 B0 5A D7 64 1D  119E7.......Z.d.
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   96: 60 C5 46 69 00 DA E5 50 12 1F C6 29 3B 96 8E C4  `.Fi...P...);...
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[CFG] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>  112: EE A4 39 67 FB 3B AE 12 8E                       ..9g.;...
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> EAP_MSCHAPV2 payload => 51 bytes @ 0x7fc2940045e0
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 01 00 33 1A 03 01 00 2E 53 3D 33 39 39 45 33  ...3.....S=399E3
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   16: 42 36 43 43 43 31 46 42 44 32 37 36 41 42 34 45  B6CCC1FBD276AB4E
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   32: 39 32 33 33 31 33 32 42 34 33 46 37 39 41 31 31  9233132B43F79A11
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>   48: 39 45 37                                         9E7
Jul 30 00:33:24 100[ENC] <ikev2-mschapv2|1> added payload of type EAP to message

At this point, no further communication is seen from the client. Client side, the error 691 is shown. This implies that the client was not able to validate the Access-Challenge sent by my POC. Which is either due to bad packet format, or, bad success packet value.

I have taken the peer and authenticator challenges from the successful log, and ran it through my code to see if I can get the same success packet output, and it does indeed generate the same value.

Looking at the format of the packet byte by byte, I cannot see any differece in either format or value, yet, Windows rejects this response and terminates the EAP conversation.

If anyone has any in depth knowledge of Windows + EAP + MSCHAPv2 implementations, I would greatly appreciate the help, as at this point I have compared the data byte by byte and cannot see any differences.

Here are more references to the RFCs implemented:

EAP MS-CHAPv2 packet format: http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-kamath-pppext-eap-mschapv2-01.txt
EAP MS-CHAPv2: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2759
RADIUS Access-Request: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2865
RADIUS Support For Extensible Authentication Protocol: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3579

Additional Notes:

I was originally suspecting that the issue could be in the RADIUS packets, and not in the EAP messages, since the EAP payload look identical in both the FreeRadius (working) conversation, and my POC. The reason I abandoned that theory is that both client and server logs show that the error happens during the EAP authentication stage.

Could there be something in the RADIUS protocol/packets that can affect the validity or acceptance of EAP messages by the client?

Also, the error is thrown during the "Success Packet" Access-Challenge stage of the EAP conversation, but, could earlier steps fail silently and cause this error at a later stage? I haven't found anything in any of the above RFCs that would suggest that, but I'm not ruling anything out at this point as I've been at it for nearly 2 weeks.

Lastly, I have tried to get more debug information out of Windows to see the exact data that Windows is using to determine the validity of the message, but, all I was able to get from the "Remote Access Diagnostic Report" is this:

[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:863: EapBegin(fServer=0)
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:863: EapBegin: EapTypeToBeUsed=26, EapAuthType=2
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:863: EapBegin: ThisIsARenegotiation=0, SaveCredsToCredMan=0, UseWinlogonCredentials=0.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:864: EapBegin: Connection handle: 1835008
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:864: EapBegin: EAP user blob is not passed so using the credentials.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:864: fRetry = 0.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:865: Eap user data size: 1021.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:865: EapBegin done
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:865: EapMakeMessage,RBuf=4b78910
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:865: MakeAuthenticateeMessage...
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:865: EAPSTATE_Initial
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:865: EapMethodBegin(Flags=0x10, Remaining retry count=3)
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:866: EAPSTATE_Working
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:866: HandleEapResponse -- Entering.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:866: EapHost returned Action = EapHostPeerResponseSend. Processing send packet...
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:866: RasProcessEapHostSendPacket -- Entering.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:866: Got identity: r42m3ncv-e8wfpg3.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:866: RasProcessEapHostSendPacket: Sending packet.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:866: RasProcessEapHostSendPacket -- Leaving: 0x0.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:866: HandleEapResponse -- Leaving: 0x0.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:869: EapMakeMessage,RBuf=4b78910
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:869: MakeAuthenticateeMessage...
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:869: EAPSTATE_Working
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:870: HandleEapResponse -- Entering.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:870: EapHost returned Action = EapHostPeerResponseSend. Processing send packet...
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:870: RasProcessEapHostSendPacket -- Entering.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:870: RasProcessEapHostSendPacket: Sending packet.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:870: RasProcessEapHostSendPacket -- Leaving: 0x0.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:870: HandleEapResponse -- Leaving: 0x0.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: EapMakeMessage,RBuf=4b78910
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: MakeAuthenticateeMessage...
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: EAPSTATE_Working
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: HandleEapResponse -- Entering.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: EapHost returned Action = EapHostPeerResponseResult. Retreiving result...
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: RasGetEapHostAuthResult -- Entering.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: RasSetQuarantineStatus -- Entering.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: ISOLATION_STATE_UNKNOWN
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: RasSetQuarantineStatus -- Leaving: 0x0.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: EAP Authentication failed with error: Internal = 0x2b3, External = 0x80420112.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: RasGetEapHostAuthResult -- Leaving: 0x0.
[3004] 07-30 11:38:21:873: HandleEapResponse -- Leaving: 0x0.
[960] 07-30 11:38:21:881: EapEnd
[960] 07-30 11:38:21:881: EapMethodEnd called for EAP Index 26

If anyone knows how to get any useful debugging data for EAP-MSCHAPV2 on Windows, that could also be very helpful. Ideally I would want to see the individual inputs to the various calculations performed by the Windows implementation as I see no logical reason why it's not working as the spec is being followed.

I can't remember, but for some reason I've picked racoon over strongswan and I belive it was the Windows networking. You may find answer in source code github.com/zoulasc/racoon2/search?q=eap&unscoped_q=eap Afaik android is using it for vpn and it works with windows vpn server. There are known issues between strongswan and windows clients and looks similar: wiki.strongswan.org/issues/2352 Anyway you may find answer in freeradius source code: github.com/FreeRADIUS/freeradius-server/… — Geeky Masters, Commented Aug 11, 2020 at 20:31
Strongswan is not the issue here. We've been using it in production on hundreds of nodes for 4+ years now. It does require some Windows tweaks, but it totally works, and works great with the Freeradius + eap-radius plugin. There is no auth failure from Strongswan perspective, the Windows client simply stops replying after the success packet is received. — Domokun, Commented Aug 12, 2020 at 16:36

Geeky Masters · Accepted Answer · 2020-08-11 22:21:14Z

The combination of StrongSwan and Windows is problematic in my experience. And you have quite a few variables. I may not provide you exact answer as I don't know the whole setup. Microsoft likes retro ciphers and hashing algorithms.

Ensure the dh-group is as expected, and seems there is difference in password format, this may related to the Win auth and NTLM hash? And as I can see the packets seems the size for your POC and Win are differ, which could be the hash, dh-group or the certificate used (that's described below).

In any related projects below you shall be able to reuse the libs or verify your implementation or this could help: https://github.com/enaess/ppp-eap-mschapv2

https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/howto-set-up-a-l2tp-ipsec-vpn-dial-in-server-part-i-to-iii.26755/

Enables authentication against the systems password database. This options can only be used with PAP and MS-CHAP, but not with CHAP-MD5. If you intend to use this with MS-CHAP, then the passwords in the master.passwd must be NT- Hashes. You can enable this by putting :passwd_format=nth: into your /etc/login.conf, but you need at least FreeBSD 5.2.

Seems there are as well some unusual behaviors: https://github.com/FreeRADIUS/freeradius-server/issues/679

Unable to connect to a Windows Server 2008 commercial VPN: https://wiki.strongswan.org/issues/1252

https://wiki.strongswan.org/issues/2352

That is because mschapv2 requires an implementation of the MD4 algorithm, which is implemented by the md4 plugin and you're not loading that.

some parts are as well mentioned in the comments for each value https://wiki.strongswan.org/projects/strongswan/wiki/Win7EapMultipleConfig

rightsendcert=never
Since the clients authenticate themselves using EAP-MSCHAPv2 the gateway is not going to
send any certificate requests. However, if strongSwan serves other clients using certificate
authentication, never should not be used, as a responder usually can not enforce this
option for specific connections.

eap_identity=%any
The strongSwan gateway is using the EAP Identity protocol to request an EAP identity different from
the peer's IKEv2 identity.

auto=add
The connection win7 is parsed and loaded by the the IKEv2 charon daemon but the VPN gateway will
act as a responder and passively wait for the Window 7 client to start the IKE negotiation.

This is described partly in MS Docs

"The typical cause of this error is that the NPS has specified an authentication condition that the client cannot meet. For example, the NPS may specify the use of a certificate to secure the PEAP connection, but the client is attempting to use EAP-MSCHAPv2."

Ensure you meet all the requirements, often it's just wrong group or cypher: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/2744850/implementing-peap-ms-chap-v2-authentication-for-microsoft-pptp-vpns

Not an answer, more a direction. Hope it helps.

The packet size for the EAP payloads are actually identical for both, though there is a difference in the RADIUS packet, which I am trying to investigate, but based on the Windows logs, the error does not seam to be related to RADIUS, but EAP. While I understand that StrongSwan and Windows have lots of known issues, we have a working setup using Windows (client), StrongSwan (NAS) and FreeRadius (Authenticator) The working logs are showing the packets for the working setup, so it is not likely to be related to StrongSwan configuration or modules, since it works with FreeRadius. 1/2 — Domokun, Commented Aug 12, 2020 at 17:02
My current suspicions are pointing me to the Message-Authenticator and MS-CHAP2-Response RADIUS attributes. — Domokun, Commented Aug 12, 2020 at 17:03
if you have working setup, you shall be able to dig through the strongswan and freeradius libs it shall give you correct way to do it. If you have testing environment, treat the setup as your dev env, means just run strace or ptrace and debugger. You'll probably need to compile strongswan and freeradius yourself with debug symbols. But imho, if you know which part of your code is problematic, the implementation shall be in their libs or in the mschap I've linked in my answer as first, shall tell you how the eap is done. It's code like yours think so. If it won't help than the debugger is next. — Geeky Masters, Commented Aug 12, 2020 at 18:11

Domokun · Accepted Answer · 2020-08-13 19:58:23Z

Well, I figured out the problem. The EAP Identifier field for the Success Packet needed to be incremented.

Jul 30 00:33:24 100[IKE] <ikev2-mschapv2|1>    0: 01 01 00 33 1A 03 01 00 2E 53 3D 33 39 39 45 33

The 2nd octet should have been incremented to 02. I found no mentions of this in the RFCs, and Im still puzzled why it worked for all platforms other than Windows.

0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|     Code      |   Identifier  |            Length             |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|     Type      |   OpCode      |  MS-CHAPv2-ID |  MS-Length...
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|   MS-Length   |                    Message...
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

MS-CHAPv2-ID
   The MS-CHAPv2-ID field is one octet and aids in matching MSCHAP-v2
   responses with requests.  Typically, the MS-CHAPv2-ID field is the
   same as the Identifier field.

It works when you DO NOT set it to the same value as EAP Identifier.

I'll publish my findings + example here shortly: https://github.com/Windscribe/radius

As far as Im aware, this is the only working RADIUS/EAP-MSCHAPv2 implementation out there, other than FreeRadius.

Changing/increasing the EAP Identifier for new requests is required for any EAP method, this has nothing to do with EAP-MSCHAPv2. Refer to RFC 3748 (EAP base RFC) for details. — ecdsa, Commented Aug 17, 2020 at 10:29

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